LFS-BOOK-8.1-systemd

粘滞位

保证所有用户对目录 /tmp 和 /var/tmp 都是可写的，但又不能移除其他用户的文件。后面的这个限制是由所谓的 “粘滞位”实现的，即位掩码 1777 中的最高位（1）。

创建目录的操作方式

/usr/{,local/}{bin,include} 为/usr/ 和/usr/local创建相同的目录结构

I have no name!:/# mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}
mkdir: created directory '/usr'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/bin'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/include'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/lib'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/sbin'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/src'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/bin'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/include'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/lib'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/sbin'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/src'

{1..8} 循环创建

I have no name!:/# mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}
mkdir: created directory '/usr/share/man/man1'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/share/man/man2'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/share/man/man3'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/share/man/man4'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/share/man/man5'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/share/man/man6'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/share/man/man7'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/share/man/man8'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/share/man/man1'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/share/man/man2'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/share/man/man3'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/share/man/man4'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/share/man/man5'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/share/man/man6'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/share/man/man7'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/share/man/man8'

ln相关

原文件指定了完整路径，目标只需要目录即可

I have no name!:/# ln -sv /tools/lib/libgcc_s.so{,.1} /usr/lib
'/usr/lib/libgcc_s.so' -> '/tools/lib/libgcc_s.so'
'/usr/lib/libgcc_s.so.1' -> '/tools/lib/libgcc_s.so.1'

grep

root:/sources/glibc-2.25/build# grep -o '/usr/lib.*/crt[1in].*succeeded' dummy.log
/usr/lib/../lib/crt1.o succeeded
/usr/lib/../lib/crti.o succeeded
/usr/lib/../lib/crtn.o succeeded
root:/sources/glibc-2.25/build# grep --help |grep '\-o'
  -b, --byte-offset         print the byte offset with output lines
  -o, --only-matching       show only the part of a line matching PATTERN
  -u, --unix-byte-offsets   report offsets as if CRs were not there

root:/sources/glibc-2.25/build# grep --help |grep '\-B'
  -B, --before-context=NUM  print NUM lines of leading context
root:/sources/glibc-2.25/build# 
root:/sources/glibc-2.25/build# 
root:/sources/glibc-2.25/build# grep -B2 '^ /usr/include' dummy.log  
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
 /usr/include

timeout命令

使用netstat -ntlp或者 ss -lntp进行端口自发现时，如果文件描述符过多，速度会非常慢，可能导致机器负载飙升，使用timeout可以解决此问题：

[root@tv.router ~]# timeout 1 netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:10050               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      15641/zabbix_agentd 
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:199               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3889/snmpd          
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      14287/nginx         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:30000               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2591/monit          
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2077/dnsmasq        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3904/sshd           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5080                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      29673/python2.7     
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      13836/sendmail      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:443                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      14287/nginx 

grub配置

直接使用宿主机的grub，添加配置即可

title LFS-8.0-systemd (4.9.9)
	root (hd0,0)
	kernel /vmlinuz-4.9.9-lfs-8.0-rc1-systemd root=/dev/sde1 ro

无法启动的处理

报错

Kernel panic Error - not syncing: VFS: unable to mount rootfs on unknown-block(0,0)

可能的原因：

1. make menuconfig时没有严格按照手册
2. 缺少VMware驱动

VMware驱动参考一下2个网页

• https://golfreeze.packetlove.com/smileboard/index.php?topic=703.0;wap2
• http://blog.csdn.net/shile/article/details/53540224

→ Device Drivers→ SCSI device support→ SCSI low-level drivers
-- LSI MPT Fusion SAS 3.0 & SAS 2.0 Device Driver
(128) LSI MPT Fusion SAS 2.0 Max number of SG Entries (16 - 256)
(128) LSI MPT Fusion SAS 3.0 Max number of SG Entries (16 - 256)
<

> Legacy MPT2SAS config option\\